Thursday, December 25, 2014

Quaid-e-Azam Muhammad Ali Jinnah....

This text is taken from BBC website, however text marked with red and blue color indicates some real facts - Qauid-e-Azam was strong supporter of Hindu Muslim unity, why this unity was deteriorated, & what was the role of Congress in 1937 elections.

Muhammad Ali Jinnah (1876 - 1948) 
Jinnah was an Indian politician who successfully campaigned for an independent Pakistan and became its first leader. He is known there as 'Quaid-I Azam' or 'Great Leader'.
Mohammed Ali Jinnah was born on 25 December 1876 in Karachi, now in Pakistan, but then part of British-controlled India. His father was a prosperous Muslim merchant.
Jinnah studied at Bombay University and at Lincoln's Inn in London. He then ran a successful legal practice in Bombay. He was already a member of the Indian National Congress, which was working for autonomy from British rule, when he joined the Muslim League in 1913. The league had formed a few years earlier to represent the interests of Indian Muslims in a predominantly Hindu country, and by 1916 he was elected its president.
In 1920, the Indian National Congress launched a movement of non-cooperation to boycott all aspects of British rule. Jinnah opposed this policy and resigned from the congress. There were by now profound differences between the congress and the Muslim League.
After provincial elections in 1937, the congress refused to form coalition administrations with the Muslim League in mixed areas. Relations between Hindus and Muslims began to deteriorate. In 1940, at a Muslim League session in Lahore, the first official demand was made for the partition of India and the creation of a Muslim state of Pakistan. Jinnah had always believed that Hindu-Muslim unity was possible, but reluctantly came to the view that partition was necessary to safeguard the rights of Indian Muslims.
His insistence on this issue through negotiations with the British government resulted in the partition of India and the formation of the state of Pakistan on 14 August 1947. This occurred against a backdrop of widespread violence between Muslims, Hindus and Sikhs, and a vast movement of populations between the new states of Pakistan and India in which hundreds of thousands died.
Jinnah became the first governor general of Pakistan, but died of tuberculosis on 11 September 1948.

Monday, December 15, 2014

Balochistan and the Baloch quagmire ...

Balochistan is burning since long though killing of Sardar Akber Bugti during Musharraf regime fueled it to an extent that political forces found no way to settle Balochistan issue peacefully. Uprising of liberation movements claims majority of Baloch support though election results present a balanced portrait. As long as province is under the tight grip of security agencies and superior judiciary in limbo to deliver strict verdicts in case of 'missing persons' liberation movements would continue to take ground!

Carleton University, Canada had summed up the situation of violence-hit Balochistan from neutral perspective. Their analysis is available at http://www4.carleton.ca/cifp/app/serve.php/1397.pdf
Below shared Farman Kakar's analysis and University unbiased views threw some more light for a way to move forward for peaceful Balochistan! (Dr Nadia Khan)


The Baloch quagmire 
By Farman Kakar
With a Baloch nationalist party leading a coalition government in Balochistan, it is a historic opportunity to address the Baloch grievances.
The Baloch quagmire
For the last eleven years, parts of Balochistan are in throes of Baloch separatism. Baloch militancy is the result of growing frustration with democratic avenues as means to the ethnic community multifarious woes. Although the Baloch riddle also has a strong economic component, resolving the political question first serves as a good starter for eventual solution of Baloch grievances.